Metadata is defined as the data providing information about one or more aspects of the data it is used to summarize basic information about data that can make tracking and working with specific data easier. In many countries, government organizations routinely store metadata about emails, telephone calls, web pages, video traffic, IP connections, and cell phone locations. A CD may include metadata providing information about the musicians, singers, and songwriters whose work appears on the disc. This metadata can automatically improve the reader's experience and make it easier for users to find the web page online. For example, a web page may include metadata specifying what software language the page is written in (e.g., HTML), what tools were used to create it, what subjects the page is about, and where to find more information about the subject. Describing the contents and context of data or data files increases its usefulness. Unique metadata standards exist for different disciplines (e.g., museum collections, digital audio files, websites, etc.). We also have statements in a meta language describing the data relationships and transformations, and ought/is relations between norm and data." The first description of "meta data" for computer systems is purportedly noted by MIT's Center for International Studies experts David Griffel and Stuart McIntosh in 1967: "In summary then, we have statements in an object language about subject descriptions of data and token codes for the data. In the 2000s, as data and information were increasingly stored digitally, this digital data was described using metadata standards. Metadata was traditionally used in the card catalogs of libraries until the 1980s when libraries converted their catalog data to digital databases. This data is used for the purposes of traffic analysis and can be used for mass surveillance. Metadata of telecommunication activities including Internet traffic is very widely collected by various national governmental organizations. Metadata allows users to access resources by "allowing resources to be found by relevant criteria, identifying resources, bringing similar resources together, distinguishing dissimilar resources, and giving location information". It can also help organize electronic resources, provide digital identification, and archive and preserve resources. It can help users find relevant information and discover resources. Metadata is not strictly bound to one of these categories, as it can describe a piece of data in many other ways. Legal metadata – provides information about the creator, copyright holder, and public licensing, if provided.Statistical metadata – also called process data, may describe processes that collect, process, or produce statistical data.Reference metadata – the information about the contents and quality of statistical data.Administrative metadata – the information to help manage a resource, like resource type, permissions, and when and how it was created.It describes the types, versions, relationships, and other characteristics of digital materials. ![]() ![]() Structural metadata – metadata about containers of data and indicates how compound objects are put together, for example, how pages are ordered to form chapters.It includes elements such as title, abstract, author, and keywords. It is used for discovery and identification. Descriptive metadata – the descriptive information about a resource. ![]() There are many distinct types of metadata, including: Metadata (or metainformation) is " data that provides information about other data", but not the content of the data itself, such as the text of a message or the image itself. Metadata for a Sphagnum papillosum pot that is part of a common garden experiment at Universität Greifswald Metadata can come in different layers: This physical herbarium record of Cenchrus ciliaris consists of the specimens as well as metadata about them, while the barcode points to a digital record with metadata about the physical record. In the 21st century, metadata typically refers to digital forms, but traditional card catalogs contain metadata, with cards holding information about books in a library (author, title, subject, etc.).
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